Description of complications after microvascular decompression and predictive value to mortality in the study

Abstract

Background: Microvascular decompression is a surgical procedure performed for the purpose of relieving pressure on patients with a cranial nerve, which is usually either the trigeminal nerve or the facial nerve. This study was aimed to assess postoperative complications and predict clinical outcomes related to the survival rate of patients after MVD. Patients and methods: The study collected data from 83 individuals with microvascular decompression and related to trigeminal neuralgia patients who were treated in different hospitals in Iraq between March 16th, 2022, and July 25th, 2023. The data collection has determined the clinical outcomes of patients aged 49-71 years. Complications following the operation and neuropathic pain intensity were assessed during follow-ups at 0-12 months and 12-24 months. Predictive factors for patient survival rates were analysed. The outcomes methodology was analysed and designed by SPSS, version 22.0. Results: Our study presented data on postoperative complications, which yielded a complication rate of 26.51%. Among the most frequent complications were infarction in 3 cases, permanent ataxia in 5 patients, and permanent hypoesthesia in 6 patients. It was observed that most of the conditions improved satisfactorily during the follow-up period of 12 to 24 months. This is in comparison to a follow-up period of 0 to 12 months, which utilised a pain intensity measure after microvascular compression surgery. Conclusion: Clinical findings indicate a significant enhancement in the efficacy of surgical interventions for trigeminal neuralgia patients following microvascular decompression, with a minimum survival rate of 70%.