EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ANTIOXIDANTS ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE KIDNEYS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a specific kidney damage in diabetes mellitus (DM) accompanied by the formation of nodular or diffuse glomerulosclerosis, the terminal stage of which is characterized by the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diabetic nephropathy is a serious and frequent complication of diabetes mellitus, leading to end-stage renal failure in 30% of diabetic patients. The first manifestation of DN is microalbuminuria, which occurs as a result of decreased barrier function of glomerular filtration for albumin. Reactive oxygen species, inflammatory cytokines and growth factors play key roles in the impairment of this function. Worldwide, DN and resulting CKD is the leading cause of death in type 1 DM patients. In patients with type 2 diabetes, DN is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease. Diabetology has accumulated experience in the use of all antioxidants. In principle, the prescription of antioxidant therapy in DM can pursue two goals: prevention (slowing down the development) of the disease; prevention (slowing down the development) of its complications.