Therapeutic Potential of Natural Pharmacological Agents: Flavonoids against Various Diseases

Abstract

Flavonoids, a naturally occurring substance that is extensively spread across the plant kingdom, are what give plants their diverse hues in the form of leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. These have strong antioxidant effects and are secondary metabolites of plants. Sedative, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, antihypertensive, Vasorelaxant, cardiac protective, antidiuretic, antiulcerogenic, anti-fungal, antiviral, Antineoplastic, Neuroprotective, and Hepatoprotective properties are all possessed by flavonoids. Numerous studies have shown that its antioxidant property is primarily responsible for the pharmacological effects indicated above. As a result of their influence on mammalian enzymes such protein kinases, aldose reductase, and alpha-glucosidase flavonoids regulate a number of cellular signaling pathways that get disrupted under pathological situations. Due to their many health benefits, flavonoids are the subject of numerous ongoing studies. A variety of flavonoids are sold as pharmaceutical goods on the market due to their advantages in terms of cost-effective mass manufacture and health advantages. The classification, metabolic, pharmacological, and biological effects of flavonoid supplements sold on the market are the main topics of the current review.